DYNAMIC FORCE EXERTED BY FLUID JET ON STATIONARY AND MOVING PLATES

Dynamic forces exerted by fluid on plate normal to jet

Fluid Mechanics

Fluid mechanics, science worried with the reaction of liquids to constrains applied upon them. It is a branch of traditional material science with utilizations of incredible significance in pressure driven and aeronautical building, synthetic designing, meteorology, and zoology. 

Dynamic Force Exerted By Fluid Jet

—Dynamic force: 

The force exerted by virtue of fluid motion is called a "Dynamic force".

Fluid Jet: 

Is a stream of fluid issuing from a nozzle with a high velocity and hence a high kinetic energy.

—Force exerted can be evaluated using  Impulse-Momentum

principle.

Dynamic force applied = Rate of change of momentum.

—F= m*dv/dt.

APPLICATION OF LINEAR MOMENTUM PRINCIPAL

INTRODUCTION

Ø Equation of motions is build on the basis of the balance of momentum principal.

Ø In particle mechanics a particle P that has mass m and move with the velocity v is said to posses (linear) momentum mv and the general statement of Newton ’s second law is

                                  d(mv)=F. (1). dt

LINEAR MOMENTUM AND IMPULSE EQUATIONS

   Linear Momentum Equation

   The linear momentum of a particle with mass ‘m’ moving with velocity ‘v’ is defined as product of mass and velocity .i.e:

      p = mv

    It is based on the law of conservation of momentum or on the momentum principle, which states that the net force acting on a fluid mass is equal to the change in momentum of flow per unit time in that direction. The force acting on a fluid mass ‘m’ is given by the Newton’s law of motion,

   F=m*a

Dynamic Force and Power

 •Forces that result when an object moves through a fluid, or when a fluid moves past an object.

•Dynamic forces arise due to the relative motion of an object in a fluid.  There must be motion.

INTRODUCTION TO WATER TURBINES

Water turbines are the hydraulic machines that convert hydraulic energy into mechanical energy which in turn is converted into electrical energy.

Developed in early 19th century and were widely used  for industrial power prior to electrical grids

Are mostly found in dams to generate electric power from water kinetic energy.